6. Footnote citations

6.1 Superscript Numbers

Put a superscript number in the text at once after cited material. This shows that the information or wording comes from another source. This number directs the reader to the matching footnote at the bottom of the page.

6.2 First (Full) Footnote Citation

The first time a source is cited, give full bibliographic details in the footnote, including:

• Full name of the author
• Full title of the work
• Place of publication
• Publisher
• Year of publication
• Page number(s)

Example:

Only the existence of the Triune God of Scripture provides a basis for any knowledge claim.¹

1. John M. Frame, “Divine Aseity and Apologetics,” in Revelation and Reason: New Essays in Reformed Apologetics, ed. K. Scott Oliphint and Lane G. Tipton (Phillipsburg, NJ: P&R, 2007), 129.

6.3 Shortened Footnote Citations

After the first citation, later references to the same work must use a shortened form consisting of:

• Surname of the author
• Shortened title (if necessary for clarity)
• Page number(s)

Example:

1. Frame, “Divine Aseity and Apologetics,” 130.

6.4 Use of “Ibid.”

When you cite the same source as the footnote that comes at once before, use “Ibid.” Add the page number if the page is different.

Example:

1. Ibid., 132